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Satellite Surveillance Since the collapse of Communism and the Soviet Empire, the prospect of foreign military sales of U.S. surveillance satellites has become a reality. As far back as 1992, the U.S. was considering selling surveillance satellites to Middle Eastern States, such as the UAE. If countries like the UAE possessed U.S. surveillance satellites, other Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran and Iraq, could tap into the surveillance satellite signals, which would create a serious military dilemma. The difficulty, though, is that if the US balks at selling surveillance satellites to other countries, its competitors, such as the Russians or the French, are likely to step in. And there is virtually nothing the U.S. could do to stop the sale of Russian or French surveillance satellites to other countries. U.S. Surveillance satellite manufacturers have claimed that it is better for the U.S. to sell the surveillance satellites than for the sale to go to their competitors. After all, if the U.S. sells the surveillance satellite, then at least the U.S. will retain total control over the spy craft and its coverage area. But that is only if the buyer countries never get to control the highly sensitive surveillance satellite. Many countries have asked for surveillance satellites that provide coverage down to 1 meter, which is not as good as U.S. surveillance satellites coverage, but it is better than the coverage of Russian and French surveillance satellites (or, at least, it was in 1992). But with sales of surveillance satellites being such a lucrative business, competitor countries are likely to rush to match whatever technical requirements their buyers call for. Thus, the threat of competitors to the U.S. surveillance satellite business is very real. There are ways to limit the use of surveillance satellites for the buyer countries. Again, if the U.S. were to retain control of the surveillance satellite, and if the surveillance satellite did not have storage capacity, for example, then it would not be possible for buyer nations to store images for later down-link retrieval. Nonetheless, the danger of neighboring nations tapping into signals from the surveillance satellites is very real. In other words, if the U.S. sells a surveillance satellite to Taiwan, just for example, the Chinese would be able to do some heavy duty snooping, using the U.S. surveillance satellite data. Thus, the availability of such surveillance satellites could hamper future U.S. military activity. Moreover, as far as relations with U.S. allies go, sales of surveillance satellites to foreign countries can be politically explosive. No doubt, the Israelis would never support the sales of surveillance satellites to their Arab neighbors. The fact that their Arab neighbors have even requested surveillance satellites from the U.S. raises eyebrows. But many people believe that with the growth and dissemination of this technology, there’s simply avoiding the reality that eventually most countries that have the budget for it will have access to surveillance satellite imagery. In fact, some political scientists and policy buffs have argued that such "open skies" access could help keep peace in places like the Middle East -- eliminating surprise attacks so common in the periodic Mideast hostilities. The bottom line is: in whatever manner the U.S. debates the surveillance satellites sales questions, the American answer is moot if capable competitors can fill the order. Even in the unlikely event the Russians and French would go along with U.S. controls to block sales of surveillance satellites to certain nations, other countries might be able to step into the vacuum. China, India and Japan were thought to already have surveillance satellites capability back in 1992--and South Africa, South Korea, Pakistan, Germany, Taiwan and Canada were expected to have surveillance satellite capability by the end of the decade. In fact, some have argued, the best way to assure that the world ends up awash in national spy satellites is to try to clamp an embargo on the market--which hasn't always worked in other export controls. That only fuels the global race to develop and sell surveillance satellites. With the going-price for each surveillance satellites in the $200 million to $400 million range, the potential market is staggering -- high enough to assure that recession-plagued countries will find ways to justify sales of surveillance satellites to willing customers. The one assured control that the U.S. can hold over the surveillance satellites themselves is to build and launch the birds, totally under American operation, for global customers. But even that doesn't prevent a world bidding war by able foreign rivals who want a piece of the action also--and who might care less about restrictive controls on the customer.
Satellite Surveillance: Environmental Applications? Satellite surveillance is one of the fastest-growing businesses in America precisely because it helps other businesses grow Whatever your business, from geology to insurance to intelligence, you can cash in on satellite surveillance technology - and you con protect yourself from its prying eyes. There are four factors that make satellite surveillance imagery ideal for agriculture. 1. satellite surveillance images cover large tracts of ground. This makes such imagery ideal for government agriculture agents to monitor districts or for farmers to obtain a profile of their whole farm. Therefore, large trends can be monitored with ease. For instance, a plant parasite or disease can be tracked as it moves, giving farmers an opportunity to isolate and attack it before it progresses. 2. Each type of plant has its own reflective pattern. Therefore, two different types of crops that appear to be the same from an aerial picture would look drastically different from a multispectral scanner. 3. Plants change their reflective patterns as they mature. in many cases, these patterns have been studied and analysts can tell how far the plant has progressed and if illness or stress has retarded growth. Based on this information, analysts can tell when a crop is ready for harvesting and the potential yield. Farmers can even tell if they will harvest before their neighbors and, therefore, receive higher prices. 4. satellite surveillance images also identify the condition of the ground. An analyst can look over a large area and tell if the fields are too dry or muddy for planting. By carefully monitoring ground condition, farmers can choose their planting time and the right crops.
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